BAC Limits in Ireland

The general limit, the lower limit for learner, novice and professional drivers, and why it depends on the vehicle

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  • General limit 0.05% (50 mg)
  • Learner, novice & unlicensed 0.02% (20 mg)
  • Trucks, buses, heavy trailers & taxis at work 0.02% (20 mg)

Understanding the Table

  • Legal Limit — Irish law states the limit in milligrams of alcohol per 100 millilitres of blood: 50 mg equals 0.05% BAC, 20 mg equals 0.02%. The offence is to exceed the limit, and it is judged on your level within 3 hours after driving (Road Traffic Act 2010, section 4).
  • Breath and Urine — The same limits as the law writes them for the other two tests: 22 µg / 100 ml of breath or 67 mg / 100 ml of urine in general, 9 µg / 100 ml and 27 mg / 100 ml for the lower limit.
  • The Lower Limit — Section 3 of the Act lists the “specified persons” who drive on 20 mg: learner permit holders, drivers within 2 years of their first full licence, anyone without a licence for the vehicle they are driving — and drivers of certain vehicles, whatever their experience.

Who Drives on Which Limit

Driver / Vehicle Legal Limit (BAC) Blood Breath Urine
Experienced drivers (full licence 2+ years) in a car or on a motorcycle 0.05 50 mg / 100 ml 22 µg / 100 ml 67 mg / 100 ml
Learner permit, first full licence under 2 years, or no licence for the vehicle 0.02 20 mg / 100 ml 9 µg / 100 ml 27 mg / 100 ml
While driving a truck, bus, car with heavy trailer (BE) or work vehicle (W) 0.02 20 mg / 100 ml 9 µg / 100 ml 27 mg / 100 ml
Taxi, hackney or limousine while working 0.02 20 mg / 100 ml 9 µg / 100 ml 27 mg / 100 ml

Data based on statutes as of October 2026 (last legal-data review: 7 October 2026). BE, CE, C1E, DE and D1E were called EB, EC, EC1, ED and ED1 in the Act; the new names apply since 31 July 2023 (Road Traffic and Roads Act 2023, section 3).

Key Things to Know

The Professional Limit Follows the Vehicle, Not the Driver

The 20 mg limit for trucks (C, C1 and their trailer categories), buses (D, D1 and theirs), cars towing a heavy trailer (BE) and work vehicles (W) applies while you are driving such a vehicle. A truck driver going home in their own car is on the general 50 mg limit. The same goes for taxi, hackney and limousine drivers: 20 mg while the vehicle is being used for business, 50 mg in their own car off duty. If you hold a truck, bus, BE or work-vehicle licence, the law presumes you were driving that kind of vehicle until you show otherwise.

Towing a Trailer

A car towing a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of up to 750 kg, or a car and trailer whose combined maximum authorised mass is no more than 3,500 kg, is an ordinary category B vehicle: the general 50 mg limit applies to an experienced driver. A heavier combination that needs a BE licence puts you on 20 mg.

Novice Means 2 Years From Your First Full Licence

The 2 years run from the day your first full licence was issued. Adding a category later does not restart them. A learner permit only counts for the category of vehicle you are driving: a full car licence holder with a truck learner permit is on 50 mg in their car. Whether time on a licence from another country counts towards the 2 years is not settled for the drink-driving rule — if you are not sure, assume 20 mg.

The Penalty

Drink-driving over the limit carries a fine of up to €5,000, up to 6 months in prison, or both (section 4(5)).

No Change Announced

The Government’s Phase 2 Road Safety Action Plan 2025–2027 looks at alcohol interlocks as a sanction in some drink-driving cases, but contains no change to the limits. The learner permit renewal rules change on 1 November 2026; the limits and the 2-year novice period do not. As of 7 October 2026 no change to the limits has been announced.

Good to Know

An Irish standard drink contains 10 g of alcohol (HSE) — half a pint of 4.5% beer or a single spirit measure. You must be 18 to buy alcohol. In an emergency, 112 and 999 both work and are handled the same way.

Important Legal Disclaimer

Drink-driving laws change frequently. The information on this page is for educational purposes only and reflects the Road Traffic Act 2010 as verified on 7 October 2026. Always verify current laws with the local licensing authority or a legal professional. You can be charged with impaired driving at any BAC level if an officer observes signs of impairment.

This page is not legal advice. If you have questions about drink-driving laws where you live, consult a lawyer.

Alcophone Has Ireland Built In

Pick Ireland and Alcophone shows every limit in mg/100 ml as well as %BAC. Settings › Driving has two switches: one for learner and novice drivers, and one labelled “Professional / towing / heavy vehicle” for trips in a truck, bus, taxi at work or with a heavy trailer — switch it off again when you are back in your own car. Whenever a switch lowers your limit, the app judges against the stricter number.

Know Which Limit You Are Driving On

Alcophone tracks your BAC against the 50 mg limit — or 20 mg on a learner permit, as a novice or in a truck, bus or taxi at work.

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Alcophone provides BAC estimates only. It is not a breathalyzer and cannot measure your actual blood alcohol content. Never drive after drinking, regardless of what any app says. Must be of legal drinking age in your country to use. Legal limit data is for informational purposes only and may not reflect the most current laws. © 2026 SafeMetrics4U. All rights reserved.